Wuraren tarihi a Jamus

Kimanin shekaru 2000 da suka gabata, akwai wasu kabilu da Romawa suka kira da "Jamusawa" da suke rayuwa a wannan yanki. Romawa sun yi kokarin musguna musu, amma fadada wuraren ya tsaya a karni na tara a dajin Teutoburg saboda shugaban Arminius (Hermann). A wajen aka gina mutum-mutumin Hermann mai tsawon mita 386 a Demold, domin tunawa da lokacin da yakin da ya faru.

Kabilun sun kasance tsatson Jamusawa, amma Charlemagne ya samar da abin da ya haifar da kasar Jamus a yadda take. Ya zama mai sarauta a shekarun 800. A katafariyar mujami'ar Aachen, aka binne Sarki Karl da kuma nadin sarautar sarakunan cocin Romawa da Jamus har zuwa 1531. A shekara ta 1978 UNESCO, ta ayyana mujami'ar a matsayin daya daga cikin wuraren tarihi na duniya.

Gidan tarhi na Wartburg yana cikin wuraren tarihi na duniya, kuma daya daga cikin alamun kasar Jamus. Anan Martin Luther ya fassara Injila zuwa Jamusanci a shekarar 1521/22, abin da ya samar da rubutaccen Jamusanci na bai daya. A shekarar 1817 dalibai Jamusawa suka hadu a bikin Wartburg, tare da yin zanga-zangar samun kasar Jamus mai tsarin mulki da kare hakkin dan Adam.

Berlin babban birnin Jamus ya kasance cibiyar Prussia. Godiya ga dabarun Frederick na II da ya mayar da karamar kasar, ta biyar wajen karfi tsakanin kasashen Turai. Birnin Berlin, ya zama cibiyar ci-gaba daga shekarar 1740 da gine-gine masu masu tasiri har zuwa yau. Amma Sarkin ya rayu a fadar da ke cikin wannan hoton da ya zama mai daukar hankalin masu yawon bude ido.

A watan Oktobar 1813 sojoji dubu 600 suka yi fada a Leipzig, kan karfin Jamus a nahiyar Turai. A hannu guda akwai sojojin kawance na Rasha da Prussia da Oustriya da Sweden da wasu kananan birane, sannan a daya bangaren akwai Napoleon na Faransa. Kawancen ya samu nasara, abin da ya tilasta Faransa ta janye daga Jamus. Ginin na tarihi yana da tsawon mita 91 da nauyin ton dubu 300.

A karni na 199, yankin Jamus ya kunshi kasashe masu 'yanci da suka hade wajen kafa Jamus. Mutane sun fusata, abin da ya janyo juyin-juya hali na 1848. An kafa majalisar dokoki da ta gana a Cocin Paul, domin tattauna tsarin mulki mai sassaucin ra'ayi da kuma kafa kasar Jamus.

Yayin da Ingila ta yi nisa a juyin-juya halin masana'antu, Jamus ta kasance a baya. Amma haka ya sauya a karni na 19 lokacin da aka gina layin dogo, wanda ya karfafa sarrafa karafa. Yankin gabar Kogin Ruhr, ya zama cibiyar hakar kwal. Yanzu an rufe masana'antun, sannan wasu sun zama cibiyoyin al'adu kamar Zollverein da ke birnin Essen.

A karni na 20, Yakin Duniya na Farko da na Biyu sun sauya kasashe. Daga 1933, 'Yan Nazi karkashin Adolf Hitler sun rike madafun ikon Jamus. Sun halaka Yahudawa milyan shida. A yanzu akwai wuraren tunawa da zamanin a Jamus. Babban wurin tunawa da ya fi shahara shi ne, wanda yake kusa da Kofar Brandenburg a birnin Berlin fadar gwamnatin Jamus.

Bayan samun nasara kan Jamus a Yakin Duniya na Biyu, wadanda suka samu nasara sun raba kasar rukuni-rukuni. Daga bisani an raba Jamus ya zuwa ta Yamma da ta Gabas, har zuwa shekarar 1989. Har yanzu akwai sauran ginin katangar da ta raba kasar, a birnin Berlin. Ana tunawa da katangar da mutanen da suka yi yunkurin tserewa daga bangaren Gabas zuwa Yamma.

Ranar uku ga watan Oktobar 1990 kimanin kwanaki 329 bayan faduwar Katangar Berlin, Jamusawa suka yi bikin sake hade kasar a Kofar Brandenburg. Ita dai kofar ta kasance wadda ta rage a cikin wadanda suka raba bangarorin biranen Jamus ta Yamma da kuma ta Gabas. A yanzu wannan kofa, ta kasance alamar hadin kai.