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Bikin ranar tunawa da cinikin bayi

Antonio Cascais, ZMA/LMJ
March 25, 2021

Potugal na zaman kasar Turai ta farko da ta fara mulkin mallaka a duniya, hakan ya sa ta zama kasa ta farko da ta fara cinikin bayi tsakanin Afirka da kasashen Yamma.

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Sklaverei Sklaven in Afrika
A karni na 15 aka fara cnikayyar bayi tsakanin Afirka da kasashen YammaHoto: Getty Images

A yayin da duniya ke bikin tunawa da zamanin cinikin bayi, yawancin 'yan Potugal wadanda ke da tsatson Afirka na ci gaba da jaddada bukatar yin nazarin wannan mummunan babi a tarihi. 25 ga watan Maris na kowace shekara, rana ce da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta ware domin tunawa da halin da wani rukuni na mutane suka tsinci kansu a ciki na bauta bayan an yi cinikinsu a matsayin bayi. Ana daukar Potugal kasar Turai ta farko da ta yi mulkin mallaka a duniya, kana jagora a harkar cinikin bayi na kasa da kasa. Ana alakanta halin kyama da nuna wariya da bakaken fata suka tsinci kansu a ciki a yanzu da tarihin yadda aka yi ta jigilar 'yan Afirka a matsayin bayi ta Tekun Bahar Rum a karni na 15.

Karin Bayani: Har yanzu ana bauta a Mauritaniya

Shugabar kungiyar wadanda suke da asali da Afrika da ke da tsatso da kasar Guinea Bissau a birnin Lisbon, Evalina Dias ta koka da yadda Potugal da danne batun cinikin bayin: "Tsawon lokaci Portugal ta yi watsi da tarihin mulkin mallaka da bukatar mayar da bayin da suka fito daga Afirka gida. Al'ummar Potugal kan yi bukukuwa na harkokin da suka shafi wadannan rukuni na mutane, amma a fakaice sukan yi kokarin boye wannan bakin tarihi a rayuwarsu, wato fataucin bayi ta Tekun Bahar Rum."

Portugal Lissabon Evalina Dias "Djass"
Evalina Dias shugabar kungiyar 'yan Potugal masu asali da Afirka "Djass" Hoto: Privat

Mahukuntan kasar kan ce ba wai Potugal ko Turai ne ke da alhakin fara cinikin bayi a karni na 15 ba, tun kafin wannan lokacin akwai tarihin cinikin bayi da bauta a duniya. Sai dai zance na gaskiya shi ne, a wannan karnin ne aka bude hanyoyin ruwa zuwa Afirka da Asiya da Amirka zuwa yammacin Turai a karkashin jagorancin Potugal, wanda kuma hakan ne ya bayar da damar cinikin bayi da mulkin mallaka.

Karin Bayani: Koyar da tarihin mulkin mallaka a Afirka

Wannan kasuwancin ya jefa 'yan Afirka cikin hajar da Turawa ke cinikinsu domin aikin bauta. Cikin shekaru 400, bakar fata miliyan 15 da suka hadar da maza da mata da yara kanan, sun tsinci kansu cikin rukunin bayi da aka yi jigilarsu ta cikin teku. Bisa ga tarihi dai Potugal ce kasa ta farko da ta haramta cinikin bayi shekaru 260 da suka gabata, sai dai an ci gaba da harkar a wasu kasashen duniya. Tarihi ya fara sauyawa, godiya ga mai zanen fasaha na kasar Angola Kiluanji Kia Henda wanda ya kirkiri wasu abubuwa da ke tunatar da zamnin bayin a birnin Lisbon.

Portugal Lissabon Modell des angolanischen Künstlers Kiluanji Kia Henda
Guda daga cikin zane-zanen kwararren mai fasahar zane Kiluanji Kia Henda kan bayiHoto: https://www.memorialescravatura.com/

Beatriz Gomes Dias 'yar majalisar Potugal ce 'yar asalin kasar Guinea: "Wadannan abubuwan tarihi da za a kaddamar a wannan kakar, na da nufin karrama wadanda ke da tarihin bauta: Muna muradin sanya rukunin wadannan mutane cikin tarihinmu, tare da farfado da mahawara kan rawar da Potugal ta taka a cinikin bayi ta Tekun Bahar Rum."

Karin Bayani: Ranar yaki da bautar da yara ta duniya

Ita ma Joacine Katar Moreira da ke da tsatso da kasar Guinea, kuma daya daga cikin bakaken mata uku da ke majalisar Portugal din ta ce, sannu a hankali an fara samun sauyi a kasar: "Tsawon shekaru ke nan muke kira ga mafi yawan al'umma, dangane da bukatar yin nazari a kan maudu'in cinikin  bayi. Wannan fafutuka ce mai wahala, kuma muna fuskantar tirjiya daga banganren masu ra'ayin mazan jiya na Potugal." 

A shekara ta 2009 ne dai, wani masanin ilmin kimiyya na kayan tarihi dan asalin Potugal, ya gano wasu muhimman shaidu game da rayuwar bayi 'yan Afirka a Potugal din.